禮運大同篇英文版

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你會背「禮運大同篇」嗎？成大電機系教授毛齊武開工程英文課，規定學生要會背禮運大同篇，而且是英文版的。這特別的規定沒嚇跑學生，堂堂爆滿，還吸引許多外系生旁聽。  

「你們如果怕了，還來得及！」七十二歲毛齊武六年前退休，繼續獲成大聘請擔任兼任教授，開了工程英文課。每次開學他先提醒學生，有少數學生被嚇到，打退堂鼓；但這三學分的選修課，還是有很多學生不怕，搶著選修。

為什麼一定要學生背「禮運大同篇」？毛齊武說，禮運大同篇是中國最高的政治哲學境界，也迎合國際潮流，每個大學生都應該了解並熟背。

他表示，曾有學生上了他的課背了禮運大同篇，畢業後在一個國際場合談到「天下為公」思想，沒有人能以英文正確表達，這名學生當場流利背出英文版禮運大同篇，全場掌聲如雷。「學生把這個故事告訴我，讓我更堅定要求學生背禮運大同篇」。

毛齊武說，禮運大同篇共一○六字（國父手抄版本），翻譯成英文就多了，「我約五十秒可背完，因此規定學生七十秒背完。」除極少數學生因天生語言障礙，無法在限時內完成，大部分都能在規定時間背完。

電機系博士班學生魏英傑、魏英宇兄弟都修過毛教授的「工程英文」，兩人花了一個半月練習，魏英宇說，上幾次課後，發現學到不一樣的英文，不論英文能力及研究思維都大幅提升；魏英傑說，毛教授以科學方法教英文，感覺英文變簡單了，雖然過了好幾年，禮運大同篇英文版仍琅琅上口。

記者拿禮運大同篇中文版請幾位成大生念，都能在卅至四十秒內完成，但要念英文版時大家都說文意很深，「不敢念」。中文系學生蔡佳琪表示，有學長姊修過毛教授課，「我看過英文版內容，覺得很不簡單，太有挑戰性了。」

機械系學生張哲維自認英文不錯，想念念看，但最後放棄了，「太深了！看不太懂，算了！」

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禮運大同篇:

大道之行也,天下為公,選賢與能,講信修睦;故人不獨親其親,不獨子其子,使老有所終,壯有所用,幼有所長,鰥寡孤獨廢疾者,皆有所養;男有分,女有歸;貨惡其棄於地也,不必藏於己;力惡其不出於身也,不必為己;是故謀閉而不興,盜竊亂賊而不作,故外戶而不閉,是謂大同.

"The Commonwealth State"

When the perfect order prevails, the world is like a home shared by all. Virtuous and worthy men are elected to public office, and capable men hold posts of gainful employment in society; peace and trust among all men are the maxims of living. All men love and respect their own parents and children, as well as the parents and children of others. This is caring for the old; there are jobs for adults; there are nourishment and education for the children. There is a means of support for the widows, and the widowers; for all who find themselves alone in the world; and for the disabled. Every man and woman has an appropriate role to play in the family and society. A sense of sharing displaces the effects of selfishness and materialism. A devotion to public duty leaves no room for idleness. Intrigues and conniving for ill gain are unknown. Villains such as thieves and robbers do not exist. The door to every home need never be locked and bolted day or night. These are the characteristics of an ideal world, commonwealth state.

出　　處：        http://www.confucius.org

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大道之行也，天下為公
When the great way prevails, the world community is equally shared by all.

選賢與能
The worthy and able are chosen as office holders.

講信修睦
Mutual confidence is fostered and good neighborliiness cultivated.

故人不獨親其親，不獨子其子
Therefore people do not regard only their own parents as parents, nor do they treat only their own children as children.

使老有所終，壯有所用，幼有所長
Privision is made for the aged till their death, the adults are given employment, and the young enabled to grow up.

鰥、寡、孤、獨、廢疾者皆有所養
Widows and widowers, orphans, the old and childless as well as the sick and disabled are all well taken care of.

男有分，女有歸
Men have their proper roles, women their homes.

貨惡其棄於地也，不必藏於己
While they hate to see wealth lying about on the ground, they do not neccessarily keep it for their own use.

力惡其不出於身也，不必為己
While they hate not to exert their own effort, they do not neccessarily devote it for their own ends.

是故謀閉而不興，盜竊亂賊而不作
Thus evil scheming is repressed, and robbers, thieves and other lawless elements fail to arise.

故外戶而不閉，是謂大同
So that outer doors do not have to be shut.
This is called "the Age of Great Harmony".

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The Commonwealth of Great Unity

While the perfect order called the Great Dao prevails, the world is like a commonwealth shared by all. Virtuous and worthy people are elected to public office while capable people hold posts and contributing employment in the society. The maxim of living is to believe in peace and coherence, sincerity and trust among all people. Everyone loves and respects his or her own parents and children, as well as the parents and children of others.

There are caring and protection for the aged until their last days; there is appropriate employment for the able-bodied; and there are nourishment and education for the children and youth.

There is kindness and compassion for the widows and widowers, for the orphans, for the childless and for all who find themselves alone in the world, as well as for the disabled and sick.

Everyman as well as woman has an appropriate role to play in the family and society.

Although nobody likes to see natural resources and wealth wasted on the land, no one keeps it for oneself. Nobody likes wealth which is not the creation of one's own labour. Moreover, nobody does things just to benefit oneself.

A devotion to public service leaves no room for idleness; intrigues and connivances for ill gain are unknown. Villains such as thieves, robbers, rogues and rebels no more exist. The door of every house needs not to be locked and bolted during day and night.

The above-mentioned are the characteristics of an ideal world called the commonwealth of Great Unity.

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禮運大同篇  孔子（西元前551~479年）《禮記卷七，禮運第九》
The World of Da-Tong (Dah-Torng)
Confucius’ Ideal of a Commonwealth State* – a Great Utopia
Li-Yun-Da-Tong (Li-Yun-Dah-Torng) Section, the Record of Rites, Book 9, by Confucius (BC551~479)

大道之行也，天下為公；
When the Great Dao (Tao, perfect order) prevails, the world is like a Commonwealth State shared by all, not a dictatorship.

選賢與能，講信修睦；
Virtuous, worthy, wise and capable people are chosen as leaders.
Honesty and trust are promoted, and good neighborliness cultivated.

故人不獨親其親，不獨子其子；
All people respect and love their own parents and children, as well as the parents and children of others.

使老有所終，壯有所用，幼有所長；
The aged are cared for until death; adults are employed in jobs that make full use of their abilities; and children are nourished, educated, and fostered.

鰥寡孤獨廢疾者，皆有所養；
Widows and widowers, orphans and the old without children, the disabled and the diseased are all well taken care of.

男有分，女有歸；
Every man and woman has an appropriate role to play in society and in the family.

貨惡其棄於地也，不必藏於己；
They hate to see resources lying idle or cast away, yet they do not necessarily keep them for themselves.

力惡其不出於身也，不必為己；
They hate not to make use of their abilities, yet they do not necessarily work for their own self-interest.

是故謀閉而不興，盜竊亂賊而不作，故外戶而不閉，
Thus intrigues and conspiracies do not arise, and thievery and robbery do not occur; therefore doors need never be locked.

是謂大同。
This is the ideal world – a perfect world of equality, fraternity, harmony, welfare, and justice.  This is the world called “Da-Tong (Dah-Torng)”.

*This is the state “of the people, by the people, and for the people”

Translation Compiled By: Shih-Ming Hwang 黃世明

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禮運篇大同章
?孔子?

大道之行也，天下為公；選賢與能講信修睦。故人不獨親其親，不獨子其子；使老有所終，壯有所用，幼有所長，矜、寡、孤、獨、廢疾者皆有所養。男有分，女有歸。貨惡其棄於地也，不必藏於己；力惡其不出於身也，不必為己。是故謀閉而不興，盜竊亂賊而不作；故外戶而不閉。是謂大同。


THE CHAPTER OF GREAT HARMONY(TA TUNG )
?BY CONFUCIUS?

"When the Great Principle prevails, the world is a Commonwealth in which rulers are selected according to their wisdom and ability. Mutual confidence is promoted and good neighborliness cultivated. Hence, men do not regard as parents only their own parents, nor do they treat as children only their own children. Provision is secured for the aged till death, employment for the able-bodied, and the mean of growing up for the young. Helpless widows and widowers, orphans and the lonely, as well as the sick and the disable, are well cared for. Men have their respective occupations and women their homes. They do not like to see wealth lying idle, yet they do not keep it for their own gratification. They despise indolence, yet they do not use their energies for energies for their own benefit. In this way, selfish scheming are repressed, and robbers, thieves and other lawless men no longer exist, and there is no need for people to shut their outers. This is called the Great Harmony (TA TUNG)."

臺中孔子廟
http://www.tccg.gov.tw/sys/SM_theme?page=455585b8

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